Accumulator is a very important register for operations in microprocessor. It is used as source of one of the operands to the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU). It is also the destination of the result. The size of the accumulator is the same as the word size of the microprocessor. It is usually represented by a symbol, A.
A microprocessor that uses accumulator for storing data is called accumulator based microprocessor. Usually 8-bit microprocessors are accumulator based. Some of these microprocessors are Intel 8085 and Motorola 6809.
In 16-bit and 32-bit microprocessors the accumulator is replaced by a general purpose register. These microprocessors are called general purpose register based microprocessors. Some of these microprocessors are Intel Pentium and Motorola 68000/68020. When a microprocessor contains many general purpose registers, any one of them can be used as an accumulator.
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